Assessment of the impact of irrigation with treated wastewater at different dilutions on growth, quality parameters and contamination transfer in strawberry fruits and soil: Health risk assessment

Industrial treated wastewater (TWW) could be an attractive alternative fto fresh water use in agriculture due to the shortage resource especially Mediterranean region. Furthermore, TWW represent efficient substitute for crop production thanks its high load nutrient. However, content of salts or mineral as well organic pollutants can affect safety, productivity and growth. A simple way reduce amount chloride salinity dilution. In this study irrigation strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv Camarosa) using diluted at three dilution ratios; D60 (40% TWW) D40 D20 was performed compared with (WW) used control. The plants done first time city Sfax located southeast Tunisia. registered lowest yield highest heavy metal contents fruits other dilutions. Also, showed a toxic effect accumulation chlorine, metals by apparition brown edges leaves. recorded soil salinity, plant growth WW irrigated soil, Our suggests 60% order obtain matching international safety quality standards.